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Georges Cochevelou (1889–1974) was a French luthier and initiated the origin of the revival of the Celtic harp in Brittany in the 1950s with his harpist son Alan Stivell. == Biography == Georges (Jord or Jorj in Breton) Cochevelou was born on May 16, 1889 in the Rue Vercingétorix (Vercingétorix Street) of the 14th arrondissement of Paris. His father was a native of Nouec Vihan in Gourin, and his mother of Pontivy. Georges was baptised in Vannetais territory in the south of Brittany, after which his family moved away from Paris. He was raised for some years by his maternal grandmother in Moustoir-Ac, and lived in Morbihan until he was around thirty years old. He was raised as a speaker of Gwenedeg ((フランス語:vannetais)). As a soldier in World War I, he was wounded and taken prisoner in Germany in 1917. At the time of the Armistice of 11 November 1918, he was in Poland, where he studied Polish and Russian. After the war, he worked as a banker, administrator and translator, but his real passion was for the arts. The astigmometer, was a winner in the competition Lépine for its eclectic works (the astignomètre, an ophthalmological device, for example), created a lounge lamp (sold by Lancel, French leatherware), built furniture like a real cabinet maker (French polish, marquetry), painted paintings in an original technique "of watercolor in the oil" on panels of hardboard painted in white shown at an exhibition of independents at the academy of Raymond Duncan. Brittany was not then a primary interest but he followed from afar its cultural influences and in the 1930s frequented the Breton circles of Paris. On August 1, 1932, he married Fanny-Julienne Dobroushkess, native of Baltic states, from which from her father, Hain-Woulf Dobroushkess, tailor by trade, had emigrated. Of this union was born a son, Jean, in December, 1935. On the eve of the Second World War, Georges was fifty years old. Although he was over the age limit for his rank (captain of the reserves) and not mobilizable, he considered it his duty to answer the call and was allocated to the east army to Épinal and to Saint-Dié. His wife and her son joined him in the spring of 1940. Their second child Yves was born on May 18, 1940 in Épinal, a few days before the German offensive. At the beginning of June, the east army entered the fold. The family began a journey a week before being welcomed into a family near Villeneuve-sur-Lot. Georges eventually found employment in Châtel-Guyon where the family lived until autumn 1945.〔Laurent Bourdelas, ''Alan Stivell'', Le Télégramme Editions, 2012, p. 19〕 On January 6, 1944, Alan Cochevelou, the future Alan Stivell, was born. A short time later, the family settled down in Paris. At that time he became an English translator and contract employee for the Ministry of Finance where he translated from English, Russian, Polish, Spanish. Fanny collaborated in the secretarial department of the civic and social Feminine Union, at 25 Rue de Valois. Cochevelou lived for five years in a small apartment on the boulevard of Belleville. They then lived on Rue Marne, then in Vincennes. Georges had adopted the ideas appropriate to a certain right-wing bourgeoisie, although he and his family had relatively low incomes.〔Laurent Bourdelas, ''Alan Stivell'', Le Télégramme Editions, 2012, p. 22〕 His wife Fanny encouraged him to resume contact with his family that remained in Brittany. Gradually, Georges became interested again in Brittany and in the Breton movement, of which he had never completely lost sight. One of his passions was in cabinetmaking—he made furniture and musical instruments. Furthermore, he played the piano, the transverse flute and the oboe. He tried to recreate a Celtic harp, an instrument forgotten at the end of the Middle Ages, when the Duchy of Brittany lost its independence. He thought of it more and more seriously in the years 1946-1951, increasing his number of meetings and document retrievals, until he ended by producing a prototype based on his personal designs. At the age of sixty three, he brought ambition, passion and perfectionism to this work which began in April, 1952 - in the evening and the weekends - and lasted a year. Fifteen years of work allowed him to create a "perfect and magic harp" according to his son, realizing his dream at the beginning of the 1950s. He created, in April, 1953, "Telenn gentañ", a model of harp equipped with nylon strings. This work was the outcome of much research and calculation. The sound of this harp, as well as the various performances and the recitals of his son Alan, created an enthusiasm which caused the revival of the instrument in Brittany in the 1950s. In 1959, he harmonized and arranged the pieces of his son Alan's first record. He produced about twenty copies which would be bought by the Celtic circles of Saint-Malo, Pontivy, Redon. In 1964, he created an instrument inspired by the 15th or 16th century Irish harp, fitted with metallic strings which gave him a tone similar to the twelve-stringed guitar or zither. Jord died on December 20, 1974 in Saint-Mandé (Val-de-Marne). In 1976, Alan dedicated his album ''Trema'n Inis'' ("Towards the island") to Georges. His wife died on September 26, 2005 in Limeil-Brévannes (Val-de-Marne) at the age of hundred and two years old. Alan paid tribute to her with the song "Over there, over there" on the album ''Explores'' in 2006. Both rest in the cemetery of Gourin, as per the wishes of Georges. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Georges Cochevelou」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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